Research Article
Exploring the Therapeutic Potential of Common Sweeteners Through Cell Viability, Antioxidant, and Antibacterial Evaluations
Rojina Khatun
,
Sudeshna Sengupta,
Dipanshu Mondal,
Anuradha Paria,
Subhamay Mukherjee,
Sriparna Roy,
Arshi Akhtar,
Sabuj Chakraborty,
Disha Das,
Agnidipta Sarkar,
Malavika Bhattacharya*
Issue:
Volume 14, Issue 1, June 2026
Pages:
1-19
Received:
11 March 2026
Accepted:
20 March 2026
Published:
2 April 2026
Abstract: Sweeteners are generally used in food and pharmaceutical formulations, yet their natural conditioning beyond taste isn't well understood. This study explores the remedial eventuality of four extensively used sweeteners, sucrose, lactose, mannitol, and dextrose, focusing on their cytotoxic, antioxidant, and antibacterial properties. Cytotoxicity was assessed using the MTT assay in a mammalian macrophage cell line at colourful attention (0.2 – 6). Both lactose and dextrose enhanced cell viability by 25 – 30 at lower boluses, indicating cytoprotective goods. In discrepancy, mannitol significantly reduced cell viability by over 40 at advanced attention, suggesting cytotoxicity. The antioxidant capacity of the sweeteners was estimated with the DPPH and potassium permanganate assays, revealing that sucrose displayed the loftiest radical-scavenging activity (up to 80), showcasing notable redox-modulating potential. In terms of antibacterial exertion, assessed through the slice prolixity system, lactose demonstrated the most significant inhibition against Escherichia coli, producing the largest inhibition zone measuring 15 ± 1 mm. These findings indicate that common sweeteners retain distinct bioactivities that impact cell survival, oxidative balance, and microbial inhibition. The results emphasise the significance of recognising sweeteners not solely for their taste but also for their implicit remedial, nutraceutical, and preservative roles. This exploration opens avenues for further disquisition into the broader operations of sweeteners in health and drug.
Abstract: Sweeteners are generally used in food and pharmaceutical formulations, yet their natural conditioning beyond taste isn't well understood. This study explores the remedial eventuality of four extensively used sweeteners, sucrose, lactose, mannitol, and dextrose, focusing on their cytotoxic, antioxidant, and antibacterial properties. Cytotoxicity was...
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Research Article
Molecular Mechanisms of Bordetella pertussis-induced Immunosuppression: Effects on Cellular Homeostasis and Innate Immune Response in Children
Issue:
Volume 14, Issue 1, June 2026
Pages:
20-24
Received:
9 March 2026
Accepted:
3 April 2026
Published:
25 April 2026
DOI:
10.11648/j.cb.20261401.12
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Abstract: Background: Bordetella pertussis remains a significant global health challenge, particularly in pediatric populations where the infection often leads to severe clinical outcomes. The pathogenicity of this bacterium is largely driven by its ability to secrete various virulence factors that systematically dismantle the host's primary defenses. Purpose: This study aims to synthesize the pathway-level molecular mechanisms by which Pertussis Toxin (PT), Adenylate Cyclase Toxin (ACT), and Tracheal Cytotoxin (TCT) collectively subvert host immunity. By mapping these interactions, the research seeks to identify critical therapeutic targets for neutralizing toxin activity. Methods: Through a comprehensive mechanistic analysis and a review of current biochemical literature, we elucidate how these specific toxins disrupt essential innate immune processes. The analysis focuses on signaling cascades in leukocytes and the structural integrity of the respiratory epithelium. Conclusion: Our findings demonstrate that PT impairs leukocyte recruitment by ADP-ribosylating G-protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs), effectively blinding immune cells to chemotactic gradients. Simultaneously, ACT elevates intracellular cyclic AMP (cAMP) levels, thereby paralyzing phagocytic functions such as pathogen engulfment and antigen presentation, thereby blunting both innate clearance and subsequent adaptive activation. Furthermore, TCT induces direct structural damage to the respiratory epithelium via the NOD1 pathway, compromising mucosal barrier integrity and facilitating persistent bacterial colonization. Together, these toxins orchestrate a multifaceted assault that exploits the developing immune systems of children. This research concludes that understanding these molecular disruptions is vital for restoring immune competence and informs the development of next-generation mucosal vaccines, ultimately reducing the clinical burden of Bordetella pertussis.
Abstract: Background: Bordetella pertussis remains a significant global health challenge, particularly in pediatric populations where the infection often leads to severe clinical outcomes. The pathogenicity of this bacterium is largely driven by its ability to secrete various virulence factors that systematically dismantle the host's primary defenses. Purpos...
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