The Growth of Salmonella Enteritidis in Egg-Based Pasta with the Addition of Sweet Basil and Thymus
J. Stojiljkovic,
M. Trajcev,
M. Petrovska,
B. Petanovska Ilievska,
G. Trajkovski
Issue:
Volume 4, Issue 6, November 2016
Pages:
35-39
Received:
29 August 2016
Accepted:
2 November 2016
Published:
18 March 2017
DOI:
10.11648/j.cb.20160406.11
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Abstract: Salmonella enterica serotype Enteritidis is known as one of the most common pathogenic bacteria causing salmonellosis with humans. Most frequently, raw materials of the animal origin (eggs, chicken meat) appear as a vector in the transmission of this bacterium. Since eggs are used for the production of egg-based pasta, and due to an insufficient thermal treatment during pasta drying they can be a potential risk for the consumer’s health. Different pot herbs can be used in order to reduce potentially present pathogenic microorganisms. This paper compares a decrease of the number of Salmonella enterica serotype Enteritidis (D) ATCC 13076 and Salmonella enterica serotype Enteritidis isolated from outbreaks of salmonellosis in egg-based pasta under the influence of thymus and sweet basil essential oil. The reduction of the number achieved during process ranges from 0.5 to 1.5 log CFU/g. The results indicated that utilized oils were more effective against epidemic strain then ATCC strain. Also, thyme oil caused more significant inhibition of S. Enteritidis during production process.
Abstract: Salmonella enterica serotype Enteritidis is known as one of the most common pathogenic bacteria causing salmonellosis with humans. Most frequently, raw materials of the animal origin (eggs, chicken meat) appear as a vector in the transmission of this bacterium. Since eggs are used for the production of egg-based pasta, and due to an insufficient th...
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Hypolipidemic Effect of Puerarin and Underlying Mechanism Investigation
Gaowa Sharen,
Lidao Bao,
Ruilian Ma,
Yi Wang
Issue:
Volume 4, Issue 6, November 2016
Pages:
40-48
Received:
21 April 2017
Published:
21 April 2017
DOI:
10.11648/j.cb.20160406.12
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Abstract: Excessive intake of fat in the diet is one of the main reasons leading to hyperlipidaemia, which will result in many diseases that endanger the human health. Puerarin, which is extracted from the dry roots of the legume plant Radix Puerariae, has been reported to be able to improve the regeneration capability of liver cells, recover the normal liver functions, and prevent the accumulation of fat in the liver. However, research on the regulation of blood lipids has never been referred. In this paper, decrease of the blood lipids in rats by puerarin and the underlying mechanism have been thoroughly discussed. Hyperlipidaemia models were established by feeding the rats with high-fat diet, to which puerarin (10mg/kg, 20mg/kg and 40mg/kg) was then given continuously for 15 days by gavage, and blood indexes of the rats were tested and shown as follows: Puerarin could reduce the serum TC, TG and LDL-C values (P<0.05) and elevate the HDL-C values (P<0.05), which was thus demonstrated to exhibit significant hypolipidemic activity. Total RNA of the rat livers of the group treated with 400mg/kg of puerarin was extracted, and cDNA library was constructed utilizing mag-bind oligo (dT) enriched mRNA. Gene sequencing was carried out, the resulting data were assessed and their saturation was also analyzed. Besides, screening, cluster analysis of expression patterns, GO functional significant enrichment analysis and PATHWAY significant enrichment analysis for the differential gene expressions were performed. Gene expression profiling exhibited that 780 gene levels of the control and hyperlipidaemia model groups changed, in which 525 genes were up-regulated, and 255 genes were down-regulated. Meanwhile, 495 gene levels of the model group changed compared to those of the puerarin groups, in which 72 genes were up-regulated, 423 genes were down-regulated, and the number of the changed genes both involved was 163. Moreover, pathway of the fatty acid metabolism of the most significant enriched GO term was most closely related to the blood lipid metabolism in the differentially expressed genes. In this pathway, alcohol dehydrogenase 6 in the fatty alcohol cycle was down-regulated by puerarin. As a result, puerarin reduced the generation of fatty acids, regulated the entire fatty acid metabolism, and lowered the blood lipids eventually.
Abstract: Excessive intake of fat in the diet is one of the main reasons leading to hyperlipidaemia, which will result in many diseases that endanger the human health. Puerarin, which is extracted from the dry roots of the legume plant Radix Puerariae, has been reported to be able to improve the regeneration capability of liver cells, recover the normal live...
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